HDPE Geomembrane
Hōʻike huahana
ʻO YingfanHDPE geomembraneʻike ʻia ʻo ia he polyethylene impermeable geomembrane kiʻekiʻe.
He ʻano mea wai ʻole, ʻo ka mea maka he polymer molekala kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea nui he 97.5% o HDPE a me 2.5% o Carbon black/anti-aging agent/anti-oxygen/UV absorbent / stabilizer a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hana ʻia ia ma o ka triple co-extrusion technique e nā mea hana ʻoi loa i lawe ʻia mai Italia.
Hana ʻia nā geomembranes Yingfan e like me nā kūlana US GRI a me ASTM.
ʻO kāna hana nui he anti-seepage a kaʻawale.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Landfill, consrevancy wai, Minging & ʻoihana kemika, kūkulu, Aquaculture, Agriculture etc.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā pono o HDPE geomembrane
1） Lakiō anti-seepage kiʻekiʻe:
ʻO ka HDPE geomembrane he hopena anti-seepage maikaʻi ʻole e like me nā mea wai maʻamau, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia i kekahi mau papahana me nā koi anti-seepage kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka waiwai Permeability ʻo ≤1.0 * 10-13g●cm / (cm2●s●pa).
2）Kemika paʻa:
Loaʻa iā ia ka paʻa maikaʻi, ka waikawa a me ke kūpaʻa alkali, ka paʻakai paʻakai, ka aila, ka waiʻona, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a me nā pae ʻāina.
3） Pūnaehana aʻa mea kanu
ʻO ka HDPE geomembrane he kūʻē kūʻē maikaʻi loa a kūʻē i ka hapa nui o nā aʻa mea kanu. He mea pono-koho ia no ke kanu hale.
4）Ke kūʻē i ka wā kahiko
Loaʻa i ka HDPE geomembrane ka anti-aging, anti-ultraviolet, anti-decomposition mana. ʻO ka umu ma 85 ℃, OIT maʻamau, 55% i mālama ʻia ma hope o 90 mau lā, ʻo ka umu ma 85 ℃, piʻi kiʻekiʻe OIT, 80% mālama ʻia ma hope o 90 mau lā.
5）Ka ikaika Mechanic kiʻekiʻe
Loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika mechanical maikaʻi, a ʻo ia ke koho mua no ka pale ʻana i ka seepage i nā papahana mālama wai. ʻO ka ikaika tensile, ka waimaka, a me nā waiwai kū'ē i ka puncture e kūpono i ka maʻamau GRI-GM13.
6） Ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kuʻuna ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka HDPE geomembrane ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai a ʻo ia ka huahana maikaʻi loa no ka mālama wai a me ka anti-seepage.
7）Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni
ʻO nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia ma Yingfan HDPE geomembrane ua hōʻea i nā kūlana honua kūpono, a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a pili i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā loko wai inu, nā loko hānai, etc.
8）Ka hana wikiwiki
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kuʻuna ʻē aʻe, hiki ke waiho ʻia ka geomembrane HDPE i nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻokō i nā koi kūkulu ʻokoʻa.
Nā ʻano o HDPE geomembrane
Wahi a ka ʻili o HDPE geomembrane, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia iHDPE Geomembrane SmoothaHDPE Geomembrane Textured, me nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me kekahi ʻaoʻao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka geomembrane maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka friction coefficient o HDPE geomembrane.
No ka laʻana, e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka HDPE geomembrane i ka papahana ʻāina. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o ka ʻāina, pono e kūkulu ʻia ka pali o ka ʻāina e like me ka hiki.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka HDPE geomembrane maʻemaʻe he ʻili maʻemaʻe a me ka ikaika ʻili haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hoʻokau i ka paʻa ʻole o ka pali i ka ʻōnaehana anti-seepage. No laila, hoʻohana nui nā pali o nā ʻāina i kēia manawa i ka HDPE geomembrane i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, nona kahi ʻāpana friction kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻa o ka pali.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i ka HDPE geomembrane
Geomembrane ʻaoʻao ʻelua HDPE Textured
ʻO kekahi ʻaoʻao HDPE Textured Geomembrane
HDPE Geomembrane Kaʻina Hana Hana
Hana ʻia ʻo Yingfan HDPE Geomembrane ma o ka triple co-extrusion technique e nā mea hana ʻoi loa i lawe ʻia mai Italia.
ʻO ka hana ʻana o Yingfan High Density Polyethylene Geomembranes penei:
1) ʻO ka hana mua e hoʻohui i ka resin High Density Polyethylene a me ka mastermatch kala, ʻo nā mea nui he 97.5% o HDPE a me 2.5 o ka carbon black/anti-aging agent/anti-oxygen/UV absorbent / stabilizer a me nā mea kōkua ʻē aʻe;
2) A laila komo nā mea maka a pau i ka extruder, a hana i ka geomembrane ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia a puhi ʻia e ka extruder;
3) ʻO ka hoʻoluʻu a me ka'ōwili;
4) Hoʻopili hope ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke geotextile i ulana ʻia.
ʻO ka HDPE geomembrane kikoʻī o Yingfan penei:
Loaʻa iā Yingfan nā laina hana ʻehā, no laila hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā kikoʻī piha e hoʻokō i nā koi like ʻole o kā mākou mea kūʻai.
Nā kikoʻī huahana o Shanghai Yingfan penei:
| mānoanoa | 0.20mm-3.0mm |
| Ili | Maalahi nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua Hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao kikokikona |
| Ka lōʻihi | 50m/roll, 100m/roll, 150m/roll a i ʻole i hana ʻia |
| Mea waiwai | HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE |
| Laulā | 4.5-8m a i ʻole e like me nā noi a nā mea kūʻai aku |
| kalakala | ʻEleʻele/ʻulaʻula/ ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole i hana ʻia, ʻeleʻele nui |
ʻO Yingfan: ʻO kāu ʻoihana ʻoihana HDPE Geomembrane Sheet Manufacturer
Shanghai YingfanʻO Engineering Material Co., Ltd, ʻo ia ka mea hana ʻoihana loea i ka R&D, hana, kūʻai aku a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni.
Loaʻa iā mākou hoʻokahi laina hana geomembrane kiʻekiʻe i lawe ʻia mai, ʻelua mau laina hana honua HDPE geomembrane, a me hoʻokahi laina hana HDPE geomembrane. ʻO kā mākou kaha o HDPE geomembrane hiki ke 60 metric tons i kēlā me kēia lā.
Shanghai YingfanʻO ia ka mea hana nui loa o HDPE geomembrane ma shanghai, ʻo mākou kekahi o nā lālā lālā o CTAG. Ua hōʻoia mākou e ISO9001, ISO14001, OHSAS18001 a me CE.
ISO9001:2015
ISO14001:2015
OHSAS18001:2007
palapala hōʻoia CE
Loaʻa iā mākou ma kahi o 20 mau patent, kahi hapa o ia mau mea penei:
ʻO mākou, ʻo Shanghai Yingfan, ua komo i nā hōʻikeʻike nui ma waho, e like me Indonsia, Vietam, Russia, India, Philippine, Myanmar, Combodia etc, aloha nui ʻia kā mākou huahana geomembrane HDPE e nā mea hōʻike.
(1)2016 INDONSIA FISHERY
(2) 2016 VIETNAM FISH
(3) 2017 Pilipine HUNAHUNA
(4) 2018 HALE INDONESIA
(5) 2019 HALE MYANMAR
(6)2019 HALE KAMBODIA
ʻO mākou, ʻo Shanghai Yingfan, ua komo i nā hōʻikeʻike nui ma waho, e like me Indonsia, Vietam, Russia, India, Philippine, Myanmar, Combodia etc, aloha nui ʻia kā mākou huahana geomembrane HDPE e nā mea hōʻike.
Pepa Geomembrane HDPE: Ke alakaʻi kōkua no nā mea lawe mai
- ✔He aha nā noi HDPE Geomembrane?
- ✔ʻO wai ka mānoanoa HDPE Geomembrane e hoʻohana ai au?
- ✔Pehea ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o HDPE Geomembrane?
- ✔He aha kāu mau ʻōlelo uku?
- ✔He aha kāu manawa hoʻouna?
- ✔Hōʻike hoʻonohonoho HDPE Geomembrane
- ✔Pehea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka lina wai Hdpe?
- ✔Pehea ka lōʻihi o kāu manawa hōʻoia maikaʻi?
- ✔Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka HDPE Geomembrane?
- ✔ʻO Hdpe Pond Liner Paʻa wai?
- ✔No ke aha e hoʻohana ai i ka HDPE Geomembrane?
- ✔He aha ka mānoanoa HDPE Geomembrane ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
He aha nā noi HDPE Geomembrane?
ʻO HDPE Geomembrane o Shanghai Yingfan hui, ʻo High Density Polyethylene geomembrane, he kiʻekiʻe anti-seepage ratio a me ka paʻa kemika, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia nā geomembranes no nā papahana wai. Penei ka laulā noi:
(1) ʻĀina:loko hana, loko, etc;
(2) Hoʻomaʻemaʻe:hoʻopaʻa 'āina, hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe;
(3) Mālama wai:anti-seepage a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka muliwai / loko / pā wai / dam etc;
(4) ʻOihana mining a me kemika:anti-seepage o ka pahu aila, ka wai hoʻoheheʻe kemika, ka liner o loko o ka pahu hoʻopaʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe;
(5) Kūkulu:papahana lalo o ke kaʻaahi a me ka hale, ka hale waihona hale, ka hale o ka hale, ka paipu wai wai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe;
(6) ʻAiʻa:liner loko no ka loko iʻa, loko ʻōpae, a me ka revetment etc;
(7) Mahiai:waihona, loko wai inu, loko, ʻōnaehana wai;
(8) ʻOihana paʻakai:loko iʻa crystallizing kahua paʻakai, loko brine, kiʻi paʻakai etc.
ʻO wai ka mānoanoa HDPE Geomembrane e hoʻohana ai au?
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka HDPE geomembrane o Yingfan brand mai 0.20mm a 3.0mm. ʻO ka mānoanoa nui, nā waiwai maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola. ʻO ka mānoanoa āu e pono ai e pili ana i kāu laulā noi. No ka laʻana, e like me kā mākou ʻike, no ka lawaiʻa (koko iʻa a i ʻole ka loko ʻōpae), hoʻohana maʻamau i ka 0.35mm, 0.5mm a i ʻole 0.75mm ka mānoanoa HDPE geomembrane; no ka pae ʻāina, hoʻohana maʻamau i ka 1.0mm, 1.5mm a i ʻole 2.0mm HDPE geomembrane.
Pehea ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o HDPE Geomembrane?
Nui nā kumu e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o geomembrane:
1.Ka mānoanoa:ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka HDPE geomembrane o Yingfan brand mai 0.20mm a 3.0mm.ʻO ka mānoanoa nui,ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola, ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
2.Ili: e like me ka ili o HDPE geomembrane, Yingfan HDPE geomembrane hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ʻekolu ʻano, ʻaoʻao ʻelua maʻemaʻe, ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, a me nā ʻaoʻao pālua. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai o ka geomembrane ma mua o ka mea maʻemaʻe.
3. kala: ʻeleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau o Yingfan HDPE geomembrane, hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā kala ʻē aʻe, a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka ʻeleʻele.
4.Nui: ʻokoʻa ka nui, ʻokoʻa ke kumu kūʻai.
He aha kāu mau ʻōlelo uku?
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo uku o Shanghai Yingfan he 30% ka waiho ʻana a me 70% ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana mai ka hale hana e pili ana i nā huaʻōlelo FOB a EXW paha, a i ʻole 100% irrevocable L / C i ka ʻike; 30% waihona a me 70% kūʻē i ke kope BL e pili ana i nā huaʻōlelo CNF a i ʻole CIF; no ke kauoha o ka nui ma lalo o US$3000,100% ka waiho ʻana i ʻōlelo ʻia a i ʻole ma ke ala o ke kauoha hōʻoia kālepa alibaba; ʻO nā kauoha a pau mai ka papa aliʻi B2B hiki ke hana ʻia e like me nā kauoha hōʻoia kālepa alibaba; hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe.
He aha kāu manawa hoʻouna?
ʻO mākou, ʻo Shanghai Yingfan, he mea hana ʻoihana o HDPE geomembrane ma Kina, ʻo kā mākou hana hana he 60 tons i kēlā me kēia lā. Aia kā mākou hale hana ma Shanghai, Kina, e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, he kūlanakauhale awa kaulana ʻo Shanghai ma Kina, no laila he mea maʻalahi no ka hoʻouna ʻana ma ke kai. ʻO kā mākou manawa hāʻawi maʻamau he 7-14 mau lā.
Hōʻike hoʻonohonoho HDPE Geomembrane
ʻO nā kaʻina hana o ka waiho ʻana penei:
(1) Lapaʻau ʻana i kahi hana:Pono ke kumu hoʻomoe a paʻa. ʻAʻole pono ke aʻa, ka ʻōpala, nā pōhaku, nā ʻāpana paʻa, nā kaola kila, nā ʻāpana aniani, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hōʻino i ka geomembrane HDPE i loko o ka hohonu kū o 25 mm.
(2) Paʻa:Pono ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o waho o ka HDPE geomembrane ma luna o 5 °C, ʻaʻohe ua a me ka hau ʻole ma lalo o 4 makani. I ka waiho ʻana i ka geomembrane, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka weld seam. Ma lalo o ke kumu o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi, pono e mālama ʻia nā mea maka e like me ka hiki, a hiki ke maʻalahi ka maikaʻi.
(3) Ana:ana i ka nui no ka oki ana;
(4) ʻoki:ʻOki e like me ka nui maoli e pono ai; ʻO ka laulā o ka ʻūhā he 10cm ~ 15cm.
(5) wili hoao: Pono e hana ʻia ka wili hoʻāʻo ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o ka hana wili. E hoʻokō ʻia ka wili hoʻāʻo ma ka laʻana o ka mea impervious i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻAʻole emi ka lōʻihi o ka hāpana ma mua o 1 m a ʻaʻole e emi ka laulā ma mua o 0.2 m. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua ʻoki ʻia ʻekolu mau ʻāpana hoʻāʻo 2.5 knm ākea e hoʻāʻo ai i ka ikaika o ka waimaka a me ka ikaika ʻoki weld.
(6) wiliwili:Hoʻopili ʻia ka geomembrane me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ʻano kolo lua. E hoʻohana ʻia kahi welder wela hoʻoheheʻe extrusion kahi i hiki ʻole ai i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kaʻa pālua ke hana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke koʻokoʻo welding o ka mea like me ka geomembrane. ʻO ke kaʻina hana kuʻi ʻana penei: hoʻoponopono i ke kaomi, hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka mahana, hoʻonohonoho wikiwiki, nānā ʻana i nā hui, hoʻouka geomembrane i loko o ka mīkini, hoʻomaka i ka motika. ʻAʻohe aila a i ʻole lepo ma na ami, a aohe opala, condensation, wai a me na opala e ae ma ka ili ami uha o ka geomembrane. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma mua o ka wili.
(7) Nānā:ʻIke ʻana i ke ea: I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke ʻano ʻāwili lua, mālama ʻia ka lua o ka ea ma waena o ka weld, a pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻāʻo ea e ʻike i ka ikaika a me ka paʻa o ka ea. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi weld, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka lua weld, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke keʻena ea o ka weld i 250 kPa me kahi mea ʻike kaomi kinoea no 3-5 mau minuke, ʻaʻole pono ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea ma mua o 240 kPa. A laila ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka weld, i ka wā e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai ka wehe, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi koke ʻia ka mea kuhikuhi barometer i ka ʻaoʻao ʻole e like me ke kūpono.
(8) Hoʻoponopono:Inā loaʻa nā lua a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe o ka geomembrane, ka welding, ka pōʻino, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke kaʻina hana kuʻi, e hoʻohana i ka metala kumu hou e hoʻoponopono iā lākou i ka manawa, e hoʻonui i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao ma mua o ka ʻāpana ʻino 10cm ~ 20cm.
(9) heleuma:Nui nā ʻano no ka heleuma geomembrane: grooved anchoring, nail anchoring, expansion bolt anchoring, and embedded parts.
Pehea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka lina wai Hdpe?
ʻO nā hana nui o ka HDPE pond liner he anti-seepage, wai ʻole, mālama wai a me kahi kaʻawale. Inā pōʻino ka HDPE geomembrane, e hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka maikaʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka papahana anti-seepage, no laila he mea nui ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka HDPE pond liner.
a.Ke liʻiliʻi ka ʻāpana ʻino:
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ke anawaena o ka lua ma mua o 6mm. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia ʻano pōʻino, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale i ka ʻāpana ʻino a me nā wahi a puni, a laila e hoʻohana i ka mīkini wiliwili extrusion e hoʻoponopono ai, ʻo ka mea o ke koʻokoʻo welding ua like me ka geomembrane.
b. Aia ka ʻāpana ʻino ma ka mokulele HDPE geomembrane:
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ia pōʻino, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻāpana i hōʻino ʻia, e ana i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāpana i hōʻino ʻia, a laila ʻoki i ka mea hana hoʻoponopono o ka mea like a me ka mānoanoa like i loko o kahi ʻano pōʻai a oval paha (ʻo ka ʻāpana he ʻekolu manawa o ka ʻāpana ʻino) uhi ʻia ma ka ʻāpana ʻino e hoʻoponopono ai, hoʻohana maʻamau ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka lama kuʻi wela, ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe extrusion a i ʻole ka hoʻopili kūikawā no ka geomembrane.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o kāu manawa hōʻoia maikaʻi?
ʻO mākou, ʻo Shanghai Yingfan, he mea hana ʻoihana ʻo GRI GM13 maʻamau HDPE geomembrane ma Kina, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i 100% mea puʻupaʻa, no laila ke kiʻekiʻe o kā mākou huahana. Hoʻokahi makahiki ka manawa hōʻoia maikaʻi.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka HDPE Geomembrane?
Nui nā mea e pili ana i ke ola lawelawe o ka hdpe geomembrane, e like me ka maikaʻi o nā mea maka, ka mānoanoa, ka hana hana, nā ʻano kūlohelohe a me nā kumu kanaka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. no ke kuhikuhi wale). ʻO mākou, ʻo Shanghai Yingfan, he mea hana ʻoihana o GRI GM13 maʻamau HDPE geomembrane ma Kina, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i 100% mau mea puʻupaʻa, no laila ke kiʻekiʻe o kā mākou huahana. Inā he nīnau kāu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iaʻu, a laila e hāʻawi wau iā ʻoe i kā mākou kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa.
ʻO Hdpe Pond Liner Paʻa wai?
ʻAe, ʻaʻole wai ʻole ka wai o ka loko iʻa hdpe, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā papahana pale kaiapuni. Hana ʻia ʻo Yingfan GM13 hdpe pond liner i ka resin kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO nā mea nui he 97.5% o HDPE a me 2.5% o Carbon black/anti-aging agent/anti-oxygen/UV absorbent / stabilizer a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia ka waiwai anti-seepage a me ka impermeability, no laila ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa
No ke aha e hoʻohana ai i ka HDPE Geomembrane?
Hana ʻia ʻo HDPE geomembrane me ka resin polyethylene kiʻekiʻe, a he mau waiwai impermeability maikaʻi kona. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka geomembrane HDPE i ka lākiō anti-seepage, ke ola lawelawe a me ke kumukūʻai waiwai, no laila ʻoi aku ka laulā o kāna noi. ʻO ka HDPE geomembrane ka maikaʻi loa o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahana, weldability, ka pale ʻana i ka wā, ke kū ʻana o ka wā kahiko, ke kūpaʻa kino kino, ka pale ʻana i ka pōʻai a me ka waiwai kūʻē puncture. No laila, kūpono loa ia no kekahi papahana lalo, mining, landfills, waste waste treatment, etc.
He aha ka mānoanoa HDPE Geomembrane ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka HDPE geomembrane o Yingfan brand mai 0.20mm a 3.0mm. ʻO ka mānoanoa nui, ka waiwai maikaʻi, ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
